Effect of G-32* Massage in Gingival Inflammation
By
KRISHNARJUN RAO, M.D.S.
Professor of Dental Surgery
and
RAMASWAMY, M.D.S.
Asst. Prof. of Dental Surgery
Dental Department,
Guntur Medical College and Govt. General Hospital, Guntur (A.P.).
Reprinted from
CURRENT MEDICAL PRACTICE
P. 0. Box 1374, Bombay 400 001
Vol. 22, No. 6, Pp. 281 to 285, June, 1978
INTRODUCTION
There are many dentifrices and gargles for oral hygiene and cleaning the teeth and oral irrigating devices for removal of dental plaque, but there is no good agent for gingival massage. This study was carried out to assess the effect of G-32 as massage in gingival inflammation.
G-32 : G-32 is said to have the following properties — astringent, antiseptic, anti-infla-mmatory, anodyne, styptic, deodarant, aromatic, cooling and healing. It is described to contain harmless Ayurvedic ingredients which are in traditional use, externally / internally since centuries.
MATERIALS & METHODS
50 patients attending the out-patient dental department of Guntur General Hospital, having gingival inflammation and bleeding gums were selected at random for study. Each patient was examined in a dental chair and in day light using mouth mirror and a probe. The complaints were noted. Patient was questioned in detail and all relevant history was recorded, such as, method of brushing (tooth-brush, or tooth-stick or finger) and the use of the brushing material (tooth paste, tooth powder or any other material). Oral hygiene status was assessed as good, fair or poor, as the case may be. Gingival health status was recorded using gingival inflammation index (G. I. Index) of Loe and Silness (1967). All details as to dental health such as the number of teeth present, caries teeth, attrition, malposition were noted. All the above details were recorderin a research proforma specially prepared for this study. All the 50 cases were examined by the same examiner.
The gingival inflammation index (G.I. Index) was noted before the treatment. After commenc-ing G-32 massage treatment, G. I. Index was recorded once a week for three weeks.
Patients were advised to crush 2 tablets of G-32 and massage the inflammed/bleeding gums. They were advised to massage twice a day, that is 4 tablets in a day, for one week and then come for dental examination. In this way, 0-32 massage treatment was given for three weeks. Gingival inflammation index and also the effect of G-32 on inflammed/bleeding gums were record-ed, once a week, for three weeks. As 8 patients could not be followed-up for all the three week’ of the trial period, the results were assessed for– 42 patients only.
Gingival inflammation index before treatment: The gingival inflammation index of the 42 patients before starting the treatment ranged from 1.4 to 2.5. 16 patients had the G.I. Score ranging from 1.4 to 1.9 and 26 patients had the G. I. Score ranging from 2.0 to 2.5. That is, the majority of patients, namely 61.9% had increased G. I. Score showing the advanced state of gingival condition. The mean G.I. Score for all the 42 patients before starting G-32 gum massage was 1.9 The details are given in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Showing gingival inflammation score before treatment.
| G.I.Score | No. Of Cases | % |
| 1.4 to 1.9 | 16 | 38.1% |
| 2.0 to 2.5 | 26 | 61.9% |
TABLE 2
Showing gingival score before G-32 treatment and at the end of 1st Week, 2nd Week & 3rd Week & Students “t” test.
|
Cases No. |
G. I. Score before treatment | 1st week | 2nd week | 3rd week |
|
1. |
2.0 |
2.0 | 1.6 | 1.0 |
|
2. |
2.0 |
1.8 |
1.6 |
1.5 |
|
3. |
2.0 | 1.8 | 1.4 |
1.0 |
|
4. |
2.0 | 2.0 | 1.6 |
1.0 |
|
5. |
2.0 | 2.0 | 1.5 |
1.2 |
|
6. |
1.4 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
1.0 |
|
7. |
1.5 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
1.0 |
|
8. |
1.8 | 1.8 | 1.4 |
1.2 |
|
9. |
1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 |
1.2 |
|
10. |
2.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
1.0 |
|
11. |
2.0 | 2.0 | 1.8 |
1.5 |
|
12. |
2.0 | 1.8 | 1.6 |
1.2 |
|
13. |
1.5 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
1.0 |
|
14. |
2.0 | 1.8 | 1.6 |
1.6 |
|
15. |
2.0 | 1.8 | 1.6 |
1.6 |
|
16. |
1.8 | 1.8 | 1.5 |
1.0 |
|
17. |
2.2 | 1.8 | 1.6 |
1.2 |
| 18. | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.6 |
1.4 |
|
19. |
2.0 | 1.8 | 1.6 |
1.0 |
|
20. |
1.8 | 1.8 | 1.6 |
1.2 |
|
21. |
2.0 | 1.8 | 1.6 |
1.2 |
|
22. |
2.0 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.6 |
| 23. | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.2 |
1.2 |
|
24. |
2.0 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.4 |
| 25. | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.6 |
1.4 |
|
26. |
1.8 | 1.8 | 1.8 |
1.6 |
| 27. | 2.5 | 2.0 | 1.8 |
1.8 |
|
28. |
1.8 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.6 |
|
29. |
2.0 | 1.8 | 1.8 |
1.6 |
| 30. | 2.5 | 2.0 | 1.8 |
1.8 |
|
31. |
2.5 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 1.6 |
| 32. | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.6 |
1.6 |
|
33. |
2.0 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.4 |
| 34. | 2.2 | 1.8 | 1.8 |
1.6 |
|
35. |
2.0 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 1.6 |
| 36. | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.6 |
1.4 |
|
37. |
2.0 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.4 |
| 38. | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.4 |
1.2 |
|
39. |
1.8 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.2 |
| 40. | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.4 |
1.2 |
|
41. |
1.8 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.4 |
| 42. | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.4 |
1.0 |
|
Total |
80.6 | 72.9 | 65.2 | 55.6 |
| Mean | 1.9190 | 1.7357 | 1.5524 |
1.3238 |
|
S.D. ± |
0.2571 | 0.2419 | 0.2006 | 0.2489 |
| ‘t’ calculation | 6,4664 | 13.2515 |
13.9034 |
|
| `V test | P < 0.01 | P < 0.01 |
P < 0.01 |
|
RESULTS
G. I. Score was recorded before starting G-32 treatment and also once a week for three weeks after starting the treatment. Mean G. I. score before treatment and at the end of every ►-week for three weeks, respectively, were: 1.9; 1.7; 1.5; 1.3. This shows that for every week of G-32 treatment, G. I. Score came down consistently by 0.2 (mean). This has shown the effectiveness of G-32 in gingival inflammation.
Statistical analysis : The G. 1. Scores before starting the treatment and the scores for the 1st, 2nd and 3rd weeks were subjected to statistical study using student’s T test. The value is found significant P L0.01 at the end of 3rd week. P value has not only been significant at the end of the 3rd week of the trial period, but it has also been significant consistently from week to week for all the three weeks of the trial period. This clinches the issue that the usefulness of G-32 is proved even in the first week of treatment and ‘-‘o the improvement is maintained with the Lsame degree of consistency from week to week. The statistical results are given in Table 2.
Mean G. I. Scores : Mean G. 1. Scores im¬proved from week to week by 0.2 mean. This is shown in Chart 1.
Toxic or Side effects : No toxic or side effects were observed with the use of 0-32.
CONCLUSION
It is observed that the improvement of gingival inflammation was consistent from day to day and week to week to the great relief of the patient. This is also confirmed by statistical analysis where P value is found to be Z_0.01. Where bleeding was present, it either completely stopped or was greatly reduced. Hence we conclude that G-32 is an effective medication as gingival massage. Further studies on a larger number of cases over longer periods are suggested.
SUMMARY
50 patients attending the dental out-patient department of the Government General Hospital, Guntur, having gingival inflammation and bleeding gums were selected at random for study. As 8 patients could not be followed for the full period of three weeks of the trial period, they were excluded from the study and final assessment of results are made on 42 patients only. The patients were advised to crush 2 tablets of G-32 into powder, at a time, and massage the inflammcd gums. The application was advised twiee a day, for three weeks. G. I. Index was noted for each patient before starting G-32 use and at the end of each week for three weeks. There was reduction and relief in the inflammatory and bleeding conditions of the gums consistently from day to day and – week to week. This was also statistically significant using ‘t’ test (P < 0.01).
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are grateful to the Superintendent, Govt. General Hospital, Guntur, for giving faciliti and encouragement to conduct this trial. We are also thankful to Alarsin Pharmaceuticals, Dental Division, Bombay, for their co-operation in conducting this trial.
REFERENCE
- Kirti P. Shah: G-32 in acute chronic gingivitis associated with painful teeth. Cur. Med. Pratt., 21:2, 65-68, 1977.