for the use only of a
registered medical practitioner or a hospital or a laboratory.
R.
COMPOUND (ALARSIN) IN CHRONIC
NONSPECIFIC ARTHRITIS
by
Prof. Y. MOHINDRA, M.S. (Ortho.) D.T.S. (Vienna),
Z. Ortho. (Vienna),
Head of the Orthopaedic Department,
and
Dr. S. MOHAN, AA.B.B.S., D. Ortho., L.L.R.M. Medical College and S,V.B.P. Hospital, Meerut (U.P.)
CURRENT MEDICAL PRACTICE Vol. 23 No. 1 p.p. 33 to
36 Jan. 1979
INTRODUCTION
Chronic nonspecific
arthritis is a crippling disease and has no satisfactory remedy as yet.
Although a number of anti-inflammatory and anti-rheumatic drugs are in use,
unfortunately they are not without side effects, and particularly in their
long term use. So the challenge for an effective and safe drug for arthritis
continues. With this in view we decided to try R. Compound as it is a
combination of Ayurvedic drugs, said to be in traditional use in our country
since centuries for rheumatic and collegen diseases. On reviewing the literature
on R. Compound, we found that this drug has been extensively tried by many
workers at all levels, and
papers were read at the national and international conferences and articles
have appeared in many medical journals. This was an encouragement to us to try
this drug at our own hospital.
R. COMPOUND
This preparation contains
Mahayograj guggul, the main ingredient being guggul (Balsamodendron Mukul),
maharasnadi quath and gold bhasma. Though the usefulness of gold in rheumatic
diseases is acknowledged in allopathy, its main drawback is that it causes
damage to liver and kidneys as it is given only in an injectable form. Gold
bhasma prepared in accordance with the processes mentioned and practised in
ayurveda is said to, render gold non-toxic and is said to cause no damage to
liver and kidneys. It is administered orally and is said to be therapeutically
effective without toxicity.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study was carried out
at the Sardar Vallabhai Patel Hospital, Meerut, between October, 1977 and May
1978. The cases of Arthritis were taken at random for the trial and chosen
mainly from the city area and around the medical college campus, so that
maximum number of cases could be followed-up. Sixty cases were taken up for the
study, but there were drop-outs and only 52 cases could be followed for the
duration of the clinical trial of eight weeks. Only R. Compound was given and
no other anti-inflammatory or antirheumatic drug was used. After the trial
period, patients were followed up from 4 weeks to 24 weeks (average 14 weeks)
depending upon the cooperation of the patient.
The grading of arthritis
was done in accordance with the ARA criteria. The diagnosis was made
clinically and radiologically. Most of the patients had knee and spinal joint
involvement. In all the patients, haemoglobin, total and differential WBC
count, ESR and estimation of serum proteins, serum calcium and serum
phosphates was done. X-ray of the affected joints were taken in all the
patients. Rose-Waller test was done in a few cases where it was felt as
essential. Synovial biopsy of the knee joint was done only in two cases.
Haemoglobin, total and differential WBC count, ESR, and estimation of serum
proteins, serum calcium and serum phosphates were repeated' in all the patients
at the end of the clinical trial of eight weeks. For the purposes of drug
response, the criteria of relief in pain, stiffness, swelling and tenderness
were considered. Increase in range of movements was observed. Attention was
given to note any side effects.
AGE GROUP - MALES AND
FEMALES:
In our series there were
21 males and 31 females. The maximum number of cases were in the age group
31-40 years with 24 cases (46.2%). 75.0% of the patients were in the age groups
of 31-50 years. Females to males ratio was 3:2. The details are given in Table
1.
TABLE 1 Age groups - Males
and Females |
||||
Age group |
Males |
Females |
Total |
% |
20-30 years |
1 |
- |
1 |
1.9% |
31-40 years |
9 |
15 |
24 |
46.2% |
41-50 years |
6 |
9 |
15 |
28.8% |
51-60 years |
3 |
4 |
7 |
13.5% |
Over 60 years |
2 |
3 |
5 |
9.6% |
Total ° Percent |
21 |
31 |
52 |
100.0% |
40.4% |
59.6% |
|
100.0% |
Degree of Severity of
Arthritis:
Arthritis was severe
(acute), in 18 cases (34.6%), moderate in 27 cases (51.9%) and mild in 7 cases
(13.5%). The details are given in Table: 2.
TABLE 2
Showing degree of
severity of arthritis
Degree |
Males |
Females |
Total |
% |
Severe |
6 |
12 |
18 |
34.6% |
Moderate |
12 |
15 |
27 |
51.9% |
Mild |
3 |
4 |
7 |
13.5% |
Total |
21 |
31 |
52 |
100.0% |
DOSAGE OF R. COMPOUND:
R. Compound was given, two
tablets, three times a day, in all the cases for 8 weeks. Those cases where there
was clinical remission earlier were advised a reduced dose of 1 tablet four
times a day for a total period of 8 weeks, the duration of the clinical trial.
Those who had remission at the end of 8 weeks, were kept under observation to
maximum of 24 weeks. During the period of observation and follow-up, the
patients were put on a maintenance dose of R. Compound, 1 tablet three times a
day.
ASSESSMENT OF RESULTS:
The relief was classified
as Good when the relief obtained was 60-100%; it was taken as Fair when the
relief was 40-60% ; it was taken as Poor when the relief was less than 40%;
when there was practically no change in the condition, it was taken as nil.
The patients were treated
with R. Compound for eight weeks (the period of clinical trial). Later, they
were followed-up to a
maximum period of 24
weeks, depending upon the cooperation of the patient.
RESULTS OF R. COMPOUND
TREATMENT:
Good relief was obtained
in 12 cases (23.1%); the relief was Fair in 31 cases (59.6%) On the whole, the
response to R. Compound treatment was satisfactory in 82.7%. The response was
Poor in 6 cases and Nil in 3 cases; that is, a total of 17.3% showed no
satisfactory response.
As to individual symptoms,
the relief was maximum in 49 cases (94.3%) of joint stiffness. 47 cases
(90.4%) showed relief in swelling; 45 patients (86.6%) showed relief in pain;
37 patients (71.7%) showed relief in tenderness; and 37 patient (71.7~ should
better range of joint movements. The details are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3
Showing results of R. Compound treatment
Sign/Symptom |
Total cases |
Good |
Fair |
satisfactory relief |
% |
Poor |
Nil |
Total |
% |
1. Pain |
52 |
12 |
33 |
45 |
(86.6%) |
5 |
2 |
7 |
(13.4%) |
2. Swelling |
52 |
14 |
33 |
47 |
(90.4%) |
4 |
1 |
5 |
( 9.6%) |
3. Stiffness |
52 |
15 |
34 |
49 |
(94.3%) |
2 |
1 |
3 |
( 5.7%) |
4. Tenderness |
52 |
10 |
27 |
37 |
(71.1%) |
10 |
5 |
15 |
(28.9%) |
5. Range of movement |
52 |
9 |
28 |
37 |
(71.1%) |
9 |
6 |
15 |
(28.9%) |
Mean |
52 |
12 |
31 |
43 |
|
6 |
3 |
9 |
|
Per cent |
100.0% |
23.1% |
59.6% |
82.7% |
|
11.5% |
5.8% |
17.3% |
|
Toxic or Side Effects:
No toxic or side effects
were seen with the use of R. Compound during the eight weeks of clinical trial.
Cases were observed for 4 weeks to 24 weeks after the trial as follow up (average
14 weeks), during which a maintenance dose of R. Compound 1 tablet tds, was
given. No adverse effects were observed even with this prolonged use.
CONCLUSION
R. Compound is found
beneficial in the treatment of chronic non-specific arthritis. There was
satisfactory relief in joint stiffness, swelling, pain and tenderness; there
was satisfactory increase in the range of joint movements. The most notable
advantage is that it is devoid of side effects, even in long term treatment.
While R. Compound which contains gold bhasma, gives the benefit of gold therapy
in treating arthritis, it has no adverse effects, like damage to liver and kidneys,
as seen with the gold therapy by parenteral administration which is the only
way used in allopathy. The importance of gold therapy in treating chronic cases
of arthritis cannot be minimised.
SUMMARY
R. Compound was tried in
52 cases of chronic, nonspecific arthritis at the Sardar Vallabhai Patel
Hospital, Meerut, during 197778. The trial period was of 8 weeks. Patients
were followed up from 4 weeks to 24 weeks after that, depending upon
cooperation of the patient. Pain, swelling, stiffness, tenderness and range of
joint movements was considered for the evaluation of drug response. On the
whole, the response was satisfactory in 43 cases (82.7%) and it was not
satisfactory in 9 cases (17.3%). No adverse effects were seen with the use of
R. Compound showing that this drug is safe and beneficial one in the treatment
of chronic nonspecific arthritis.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We are thankful to the
Senior Medical Superintendent, S.V.B.P. Hospital for permission to conduct this clinical trial.
We are also thankful to
Alarsin Pharmaceuticals, Bombay 400 023, for their cooperation.
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